Descriptive study of lung hydatid cyst cases, evidence from Herat regional hospital in 1403

Abstract

Background: Secondary hydatid disease refers to a situation where a primary cyst located elsewhere ruptures, leading to the formation of a new cyst through embolism or direct dissemination. Many patients may remain asymptomatic, and it can take between 5 to 20 years for the cysts to grow large enough to cause symptoms

Methods: A total of 52 patients with complete clinical records and postoperative follow-up were selected using convenience sampling. This descriptive cross-sectional study employed a quantitative approach and was designed retrospectively. Data were extracted from the clinical records of the patients, including demographic information. To complete the data, a researcher-designed checklist questionnaire was utilized.

Results: The highest prevalence was observed in the age group of 10-29 years, with a relatively balanced gender distribution of 51.9% males and 48.1% females. The most common symptoms included cough and fever (30.8%) and chest pain (13.5%). Cysts were predominantly identified in the right lung (55.8%) and in a healthy state (63.5%). The predominant treatment method utilized was cystectomy and cap tonnage with needle aspiration (50.0%), with postoperative complications reported in 11.8% of patients

Conclusion: The findings indicate a high prevalence of this disease in the younger age group, with a relatively balanced gender distribution. The most common symptoms were cough and fever, and the cysts were primarily located in the right lung and identified in a healthy state. The dominant treatment approach was cystectomy and capitonnage with needle aspiration, and postoperative complications were observed in a number of patients.