Descriptive study of tympanic membrane repair: evidence from Herat regional hospital in 2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58342/MJ.V.3.I.1.2Keywords:
Tympanoplasty, Tympanic Membrane Repair, Middle Ear Diseases, Hearing Improvement, Postoperative ComplicationsAbstract
Background and Objective: Tympanoplasty is one of the fundamental surgical interventions in the management of middle ear diseases, performed with the aim of repairing a damaged tympanic membrane and, when necessary, reconstructing the ossicular chain. In addition to reducing the risk of chronic middle ear infections, this procedure plays a significant role in improving hearing function and enhancing patients’ quality of life. The objective of this study was to evaluate patients’ demographic characteristics, types of injury, surgical techniques, postoperative complications, and hearing outcomes in individuals undergoing tympanoplasty.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative and retrospective design was conducted using data extracted from the medical records of 107 patients who underwent tympanoplasty in the Department of Otolaryngology at Herat Regional Hospital during the year 1403 (2024–2025). The variables assessed included age, sex, type of middle ear pathology, type of tympanoplasty, postoperative complications, and hearing outcomes. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods.
Results: The highest proportion of patients was observed in the 31–40-year age group (28%). Regarding sex distribution, 51.4% of the patients were male and 48.6% were female. The most common type of pathology was tympanic membrane perforation (56.1%). In terms of surgical technique, type I tympanoplasty was the most frequently performed procedure (65.4%). Postoperatively, 79.4% of patients experienced no complications. Complete hearing improvement was reported in 60.7% of patients, partial improvement in 28%, and no change in hearing status in 11.2%.
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that tympanoplasty is a safe and effective surgical procedure with a high success rate in tympanic membrane repair and hearing improvement. The results are consistent with international reports. Future prospective studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to confirm and generalize these findings.
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