Microplastics Derived from the Degradation of Polyethylene and Polypropylene and Their Impact on Public Health
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58342/MJ.V.3.I.1.9Keywords:
Microplastics, Polyethylene, Polypropylene, Public Health, Awareness and Attitude, Herat ProvinceAbstract
Background and Objective: Microplastics, particularly polyethylene and polypropylene particles, have emerged as environmental pollutants that can enter the human body through water and food. They may contribute to inflammation, immune and hormonal disruptions, and an increased risk of chronic diseases. Despite their potential health impacts, public awareness of microplastics in developing countries remains insufficiently studied. This study aimed to assess the awareness, attitudes, and behaviors of people in Herat regarding microplastics and their perceived impacts on public health.
Method: This analytical cross-sectional field study was conducted among faculty members, students, employees of public and private universities in Herat Province, and their families. A total of 440 participants were selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire. The questionnaire’s validity was confirmed by experts, and its reliability was established with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.822. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 through one-sample t-tests and multiple regression analysis.
Findings/ Result: The findings showed that participants’ awareness, attitudes, and behaviors regarding microplastics were significantly higher than the average level. The greatest concerns were related to the possible role of microplastics in chronic diseases, immune dysfunction, and reduced fertility. Regression analysis indicated that awareness of the risks of reusing plastic bottles, health-related concerns, and belief in the necessity of governmental restrictions significantly influenced plastic consumption behaviors.
Conclusion: Microplastics represent an emerging public health concern in Herat. The relatively high level of awareness among the population may support environmental education programs, policy restrictions, and the promotion of safer alternatives to plastic. Further laboratory-based studies are recommended to evaluate actual human exposure levels.
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